SAM-e / SAMe (S-AdenosylMethionine) - What is it?
Submitted by Louise on Thu, 2008-08-28 11:03.
Well lacking a Neutroceuticals Discussion Forum Catigory I am placing this in speculations. I speculate that this is helping me. And I am now after a month of graduated loading now I am backing my amount downward to the minimum daily amount available in my tablet form. This info is listed at the website above. I am not new to CAPi so feel that looking for more daily umph after 14 months into the program, might be considered somewhat reasonable. I have been in the pit of dysfunction from CFSi for about 5 and major crash for 2 prior to the workup that revealed CPni postive results. I never saught help with my fatigue prior to my workup in May 2007. Never was willing to be told that it was mood related. I am hard headed and have worked in that industry, simply I did not want to go that route and did not believe that it was my cause of difficulties. And as far as life energy deficits and decline well, I have been compensating and budgeting energy for at least 20 years and beyond I was very skilled at it.. So here are some interesting notes on my latest energy compensating neutraceutical substance. Just to spark a discussion. This is from my point of view, not to be taken lightly, yet as with most things now, I am willing to be moderate with many things that I would have ignored in the past. Just thinking out loud here and looking for any comments pro or con welcome. The word clipboard tip has been most helpful with this post. Thanks for that tip Jim. SAM-e / SAMe (S-Adenosyl Methionine)As printed on the Whole Health .com website
What is SAMe?
S-Adenosyl Methionine (or more simply referred to as SAM-e or SAMe, pronounced "sammy") is an amino acid. SAMe was discovered in 1952 in Italy, where it is manufactured. Until recently, it was exceedingly expensive to produce, and therefore unavailable to the public, although it is fairly well studied. It is manufactured in the brain from another amino acid, methionine. SAM-e is the most active methyl-donor in your body, meaning it donates methyl groups to other chemical compounds in your body including neurotransmitters, changing them into other compounds. SAM-e is then "recycled" through an ongoing re-methylation process - more on this below.
Why is Our SAMe Better?
This is the original SAM-e, S-Adenosyl-Methionine tosylate disulfate, as developed in Italy and patented in the US. The manufacturing of this product is extremely difficult; it must be produced in a dry environment and transported packed in dry ice. It is then stabilized and double-enteric coated. This coating ensures that it is absorbed through the small intestine, since SAM-e is destroyed in the stomach. Our SAM-e is guaranteed 96.3% pure S-Adenosyl-Methionine tosylate disulfate (some flow agents must be added in the manufacturing process), produced under dry conditions and properly transported as described above.
As discussed above, you should not use SAM-e without also taking a B-complex. Our SAM-e price includes a complete B vitamin complex. If you are considering buying SAM-e elsewhere, be sure to figure this added cost into your price comparison!
It is a good idea to store the SAM-e you purchase in the refrigerator to prolong its shelf-life and reduce oxidation.
Who Should Consider SAMe?
Research has shown that SAM-e is helpful with the following concerns: 1. Low mood, or feeling of mental well-being -- SAMe has been shown to enhance mood; 2. Joint soreness, stiffness or discomfort -- SAMe has been shown to help improve joints; 3. Liver health -- SAMe has been shown to improve intrahepatic cholestasis (cholesteroli deposits in the liver, including intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy) SAM-e Improves Mood Fast!
The brain of a healthy person manufactures all the S-Adenosyl Methionine it needs from methionine, but S-Adenosyl Methionine production is impaired in people who are depressed.1 Supplementation with SAM-e increases levels of serotonin, dopamine and phosphatides, and improves serotonin and dopamine receptor site binding.2 Interestingly, treatment with antidepressant drugs that results in improved mood (as determined by a 50% improvement in the Hamilton Depression Inventory) usually also results in increased levels of SAM-e, regardless of the drug used.3
Perhaps the most striking aspect of supplementation with SAM-e, is its rapid onset of action. SAM-e has fewer side effects and has a more rapid onset of action than tricyclics.1 SAM-e and Arthritis
Here is what we know: - SAM-e plays an important role in cartilage formation and repair.
- In in-vitro studies, SAM-e has been shown to increase the blood levels of proteoglycans - the starting point of cartilage formation.4
- SAM-e has been shown in a number of studies to bring arthritis pain relief comparable to that of the oft-prescribed NSAID's, naproxin and piroxicam - without their side effects.5,6
In a study performed in 1990 at the Instituto de Docencia e Investigaciones Biologicas, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, arthritis was induced in the right knee of 24 rabbits. The rabbits were divided into 3 groups and treated intramuscularly with 30mg, 60mg or 0mg (i.e., diluent only) of SAM-e. After 12 weeks the knees were examined and it was found that the greater the amount of SAM-e given to the rabbit, the greater the concentration of proteoglycans was found in the cartilage.8 (Proteoglycans serve as attachment points for glucosaminoglycans.
And of course, most importantly, people report significant relief from supplementation with SAM-e. Recent Research and Updates on SAMe
In a recent metastudy of the effects of SAMe on depression, arthritis, and liver disease conducted by Health and Human Services' Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, SAMe was found to work effectively for all three conditions.9 For depression, SAMe was shown to be as good as standard antidepressant therapy; for liver disease, SAMe improved intrahepatic cholestasis (cholesterol deposits in the liver, including intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy) and reduced serum bilirubin levels, itching associated with intrahepatic cholestasis and jaundice; and for osteoarthritis, SAMe was shown as effective at relieving joint pain as NSAIDsi. In the studies on liver disease, researchers felt that a larger sample was needed to determine accurately the benefits of the SAMe, and that overall more studies were need to determine optimum doses for each of the disease conditions, but that SAMe research is clearly worth pursuing.9 Important Precautionary Information About SAM-e
Interestingly, SAM-e breaks down into the potentially harmful homocysteinei, which has recently made press as a substance strongly correlated with heart diseasei if it is left to build up within your cells. The good news is that SAM-e, which is so good for you does NOT have to turn into a toxic build-up of homocysteine. With the proper complement of B-complex vitaminsi (especially B-6, B-12 and folic acidi, which are all methyl-donors), homocysteine is re-methylated into good old methionine (used to produce S-Adenosyl Methionine) or converted to the antioxidanti glutathione (also good).
IMPORTANT: If you plan on taking SAM-e, you would be well advised to supplement with B vitamins also. This will ensure good results and prevent homocysteine build-up. One last item of note: B-complex deficiencies - by themselves - are often enough to cause low mood, giving you one more reason to supplement your B's. And, folic acid deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world! Supplement with a B-complex, and you avoid all of these possible problems.
How important is all of this? Wouldn't it be terrible to address one health problem only by introducing a different problem? We feel that it is so important to complement SAM-e supplementation with B-complex that we refuse to sell SAM-e without giving you the B-complex, too! Whether or not you take the B-complex is ultimately up to you, but we are including a complete vitamin B complex with your order of SAM-e, to help ensure good results.
Important note
Do not attempt to self-diagnose depression! Depression is a serious illness that can have organic sources. Consult your physician before taking any medicine.
Side Effects
Oral supplementation of SAM-e can cause nausea and vomiting in some people, so it is recommended that supplementation be graduated. Start with one 200mg tablet per day. That may be enough. After a couple days, increase to 200mg twice a day, and if needed, you can increase to 400mg twice a day on the 5th or 6th day. Only increase to 400mg three times a day after about 2 weeks, and finally, 400mg four times a day after about 3 weeks.
People suffering from bipolar disorder should not take SAM-e, as its rapid antidepressant effects can lead to manic episodes! Also, see the precautionary note below regarding homocysteine.
It is recommended that people taking SAM-e also take a B-vitamin complex. Please see above for more on this.
References1. Murray, MT, Natural Alternatives to Prozac. Quill. New York. p174-5,1996.2. Baldessarini, RJ, Neuropharmacology of S-Adenosyl Methionine. Am J Med. 83:95-103, 1983.3. Bell, KM, et al, S-Adenosylmethionine blood levels in major depression: changes with drug treatment. Acta Neurol Scand. 154:15-18, 1994.4. Stramentinoli G. Pharmacologic aspects of S-adenosylmethionine. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Am J Med. 1987; 83(5A):35-42. 5. Harmand MF, et al. Effects of S-adenosylmethionine on human articular chondrocyte differentiation. An in vitro study. Am J Med. 1987; 83(5A):48-54.6. di Padova C. S-adenosylmethionine in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Review of the clinical studies. Am J Med. 1987; 83(5A):60-65.Weatherby, Craig and Gordin, Leonid, MD, The Arthritis Bible. Rochester. Healing Arts Press, SAM-e Improves Mood Fast!
The brain of a healthy person manufactures all the S-Adenosyl Methionine it needs from methionine, but S-Adenosyl Methionine production is impaired in people who are depressed.1 Supplementation with SAM-e increases levels of serotonin, dopamine and phosphatides, and improves serotonin and dopamine receptor site binding.2 Interestingly, treatment with antidepressant drugs that results in improved mood (as determined by a 50% improvement in the Hamilton Depression Inventory) usually also results in increased levels of SAM-e, regardless of the drug used.3
Perhaps the most striking aspect of supplementation with SAM-e, is its rapid onset of action. SAM-e has fewer side effects and has a more rapid onset of action than tricyclics.1 SAM-e and Arthritis
Here is what we know: - SAM-e plays an important role in cartilage formation and repair.
- In in-vitro studies, SAM-e has been shown to increase the blood levels of proteoglycans - the starting point of cartilage formation.4
- SAM-e has been shown in a number of studies to bring arthritis pain relief comparable to that of the oft-prescribed NSAID's, naproxin and piroxicam - without their side effects.5,6
In a study performed in 1990 at the Instituto de Docencia e Investigaciones Biologicas, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, arthritis was induced in the right knee of 24 rabbits. The rabbits were divided into 3 groups and treated intramuscularly with 30mg, 60mg or 0mg (i.e., diluent only) of SAM-e. After 12 weeks the knees were examined and it was found that the greater the amount of SAM-e given to the rabbit, the greater the concentration of proteoglycans was found in the cartilage.8 (Proteoglycans serve as attachment points for glucosaminoglycans.
And of course, most importantly, people report significant relief from supplementation with SAM-e. Recent Research and Updates on SAMe
In a recent metastudy of the effects of SAMe on depression, arthritis, and liver disease conducted by Health and Human Services' Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, SAMe was found to work effectively for all three conditions.9 For depression, SAMe was shown to be as good as standard antidepressant therapy; for liver disease, SAMe improved intrahepatic cholestasis (cholesterol deposits in the liver, including intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy) and reduced serum bilirubin levels, itching associated with intrahepatic cholestasis and jaundice; and for osteoarthritis, SAMe was shown as effective at relieving joint pain as NSAIDs. In the studies on liver disease, researchers felt that a larger sample was needed to determine accurately the benefits of the SAMe, and that overall more studies were need to determine optimum doses for each of the disease conditions, but that SAMe research is clearly worth pursuing.9 Important Precautionary Information About SAM-e
Interestingly, SAM-e breaks down into the potentially harmful homocysteine, which has recently made press as a substance strongly correlated with heart disease if it is left to build up within your cells. The good news is that SAM-e, which is so good for you does NOT have to turn into a toxic build-up of homocysteine. With the proper complement of B-complex vitamins (especially B-6, B-12 and folic acid, which are all methyl-donors), homocysteine is re-methylated into good old methionine (used to produce S-Adenosyl Methionine) or converted to the antioxidant glutathione (also good).
IMPORTANT: If you plan on taking SAM-e, you would be well advised to supplement with B vitamins also. This will ensure good results and prevent homocysteine build-up. One last item of note: B-complex deficiencies - by themselves - are often enough to cause low mood, giving you one more reason to supplement your B's. And, folic acid deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world! Supplement with a B-complex, and you avoid all of these possible problems.
How important is all of this? Wouldn't it be terrible to address one health problem only by introducing a different problem? We feel that it is so important to complement SAM-e supplementation with B-complex that we refuse to sell SAM-e without giving you the B-complex, too! Whether or not you take the B-complex is ultimately up to you, but we are including a complete vitamin B complex with your order of SAM-e, to help ensure good results.
Important note
Do not attempt to self-diagnose depression! Depression is a serious illness that can have organic sources. Consult your physician before taking any medicine.
Side Effects
Oral supplementation of SAM-e can cause nausea and vomiting in some people, so it is recommended that supplementation be graduated. Start with one 200mg tablet per day. That may be enough. After a couple days, increase to 200mg twice a day, and if needed, you can increase to 400mg twice a day on the 5th or 6th day. Only increase to 400mg three times a day after about 2 weeks, and finally, 400mg four times a day after about 3 weeks.
People suffering from bipolar disorder should not take SAM-e, as its rapid antidepressant effects can lead to manic episodes! Also, see the precautionary note below regarding homocysteine.
It is recommended that people taking SAM-e also take a B-vitamin complex. Please see above for more on this.
References1. Murray, MT, Natural Alternatives to Prozac. Quill. New York. p174-5,1996.2. Baldessarini, RJ, Neuropharmacology of S-Adenosyl Methionine. Am J Med. 83:95-103, 1983.3. Bell, KM, et al, S-Adenosylmethionine blood levels in major depression: changes with drug treatment. Acta Neurol Scand. 154:15-18, 1994.4. Stramentinoli G. Pharmacologic aspects of S-adenosylmethionine. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Am J Med. 1987; 83(5A):35-42. 5. Harmand MF, et al. Effects of S-adenosylmethionine on human articular chondrocyte differentiation. An in vitro study. Am J Med. 1987; 83(5A):48-54.6. di Padova C. S-adenosylmethionine in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Review of the clinical studies. Am J Med. 1987; 83(5A):60-65.7. Weatherby, Craig and Gordin, Leonid, MD, The Arthritis Bible. Rochester. Healing Arts Press, 1999.8. Barcelo HA, Wiemeyer JC, Sagasta CL, Macias M, Barreira JC. [Experimental osteoarthritis and its course when treated with S-adenosyl-L-methionine].[Article in Spanish] RevClin Esp 1990 Jun;187(2):74-8.9. S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine for Treatment of Depression, Osteoarthritis, and Liver Disease. Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 64. AHRQ Publication No. 02-E033, August 2002. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. Double-Blind Trials 10. Bell, K. M., L. Plon, W. E. Bunney, Jr. and S. G. Potkin (1988). "S-adenosylmethionine treatment of depression: a controlled clinical trial." Am J Psychiatry 145(9): 1110-4. 11. Bell, K. M., S. G. Potkin, D. Carreon and L. Plon (1994). "S-adenosylmethionine blood levels in major depression: changes with drug treatment." Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 154: 15-8. 12. Glorioso, S., S. Todesco, A. Mazzi, R. Marcolongo, M. Giordano, B. Colombo, G. Cherie-Ligniere, L. Mattara, G. Leardini, M. Passeri and et al. (1985). "Double-blind multicentre study of the activity of S-adenosylmethionine in hip and knee osteoarthritis." Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 5(1): 39-49. 13. Ideo, G. (1975). "[S-Adenosylmethionine: plasma levels in hepatic cirrhosis and preliminary results of its clinical use in hepatology. Double-blind study]." Minerva Med 66(33): 1571-80. 14. Labo, G., F. Miglio, A. D'Ambro, A. Bellobuono, G. Ideo, N. Dioguardi, M. Bernardi, G. R. Corazza, G. Gasbarrini, P. Avogaro and M. Pasquino (1975). "[Double-blind polycentric study of the action of S-adenosylmethionine in hepatic cirrhosis]." Minerva Med 66(33): 1590-4. 15. Laudanno, O. M., D. Finkelstein and E. Capdepon (1984). "[Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) and S-adenosylmethionine in the prevention of hemorrhagic gastritis induced by aspirin in the human. Endoscopic, histologic and histochemical study]." Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam 14(4): 289-93. 16. Maccagno, A., E. E. Di Giorgio, O. L. Caston and C. L. Sagasta (1987). "Double-blind controlled clinical trial of oral S-adenosylmethionine versus piroxicam in knee osteoarthritis." Am J Med 83(5A): 72-7. 17. Mantero, M., P. Pastorino, A. Carolei and A. Agnoli (1975). "[Controlled double-blind study (SAMe-imipramine) in depressive syndromes]." Minerva Med 66(78): 4098-101. 18. Muller-Fassbender, H. (1987). "Double-blind clinical trial of S-adenosylmethionine versus ibuprofen in the treatment of osteoarthritis." Am J Med 83(5A): 81-3. 19. Vetter, G. (1987). "Double-blind comparative clinical trial with S-adenosylmethionine and indomethacin in the treatment of osteoarthritis." Am J Med 83(5A): 78-80.
Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trials20. Berlanga, C., H. A. Ortega-Soto, M. Ontiveros and H. Senties (1992). "Efficacy of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in speeding the onset of action of imipramine." Psychiatry Res 44(3): 257-62. 21. Bradley, J. D., D. Flusser, B. P. Katz, H. R. Schumacher, Jr., K. D. Brandt, M. A. Chambers and L. J. Zonay (1994). "A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial of intravenous loading with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) followed by oral SAM therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis." J Rheumatol 21(5): 905-11. 22. Caruso, I. and V. Pietrogrande (1987). "Italian double-blind multicenter study comparing S-adenosylmethionine, naproxen, and placebo in the treatment of degenerative joint disease." Am J Med 83(5A): 66-71. 23. Jacobsen, S., B. Danneskiold-Samsoe and R. B. Andersen (1991). "Oral S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgiai. Double-blind clinical evaluation." Scand J Rheumatol 20(4): 294-302. 24. Kagan, B. L., D. L. Sultzer, N. Rosenlicht and R. H. Gerner (1990). "Oral S-adenosylmethionine in depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial." Am J Psychiatry 147(5): 591-5. 25. Mato, J. M., J. Camara, J. Fernandez de Paz, L. Caballeria, S. Coll, A. Caballero, L. Garcia-Buey, J. Beltran, V. Benita, J. Caballeria, R. Sola, R. Moreno-Otero, F. Barrao, A. Martin-Duce, J. A. Correa, A. Pares, E. Barrao, I. Garcia-Magaz, J. L. Puerta, J. Moreno, G. Boissard, P. Ortiz and J. Rodes (1999). "S-adenosylmethionine in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial." J Hepatol 30(6): 1081-9. 26. Salmaggi, P., G. M. Bressa, G. Nicchia, M. Coniglio, P. La Greca and C. Le Grazie (1993). "Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in depressed postmenopausal women." Psychother Psychosom 59(1): 34-40. 27. Tavoni, A., C. Vitali, S. Bombardieri and G. Pasero (1987). "Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. A double- blind crossover study." Am J Med 83(5A): 107-10. 28. Volkmann, H., J. Norregaard, S. Jacobsen, B. Danneskiold-Samsoe, G. Knoke and D. Nehrdich (1997). "Double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study of intravenous S- adenosyl-L-methionine in patients with fibromyalgia." Scand J Rheumatol 26(3): 206-11. 7. 1999.8. Barcelo HA, Wiemeyer JC, Sagasta CL, Macias M, Barreira JC. [Experimental osteoarthritis and its course when treated with S-adenosyl-L-methionine].[Article in Spanish] RevClin Esp 1990 Jun;187(2):74-8.9. S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine for Treatment of Depression, Osteoarthritis, and Liver Disease. Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 64. AHRQ Publication No. 02-E033, August 2002. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. Double-Blind Trials 10. Bell, K. M., L. Plon, W. E. Bunney, Jr. and S. G. Potkin (1988). "S-adenosylmethionine treatment of depression: a controlled clinical trial." Am J Psychiatry 145(9): 1110-4. 11. Bell, K. M., S. G. Potkin, D. Carreon and L. Plon (1994). "S-adenosylmethionine blood levels in major depression: changes with drug treatment." Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 154: 15-8. 12. Glorioso, S., S. Todesco, A. Mazzi, R. Marcolongo, M. Giordano, B. Colombo, G. Cherie-Ligniere, L. Mattara, G. Leardini, M. Passeri and et al. (1985). "Double-blind multicentre study of the activity of S-adenosylmethionine in hip and knee osteoarthritis." Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 5(1): 39-49. 13. Ideo, G. (1975). "[S-Adenosylmethionine: plasma levels in hepatic cirrhosis and preliminary results of its clinical use in hepatology. Double-blind study]." Minerva Med 66(33): 1571-80. 14. Labo, G., F. Miglio, A. D'Ambro, A. Bellobuono, G. Ideo, N. Dioguardi, M. Bernardi, G. R. Corazza, G. Gasbarrini, P. Avogaro and M. Pasquino (1975). "[Double-blind polycentric study of the action of S-adenosylmethionine in hepatic cirrhosis]." Minerva Med 66(33): 1590-4. 15. Laudanno, O. M., D. Finkelstein and E. Capdepon (1984). "[Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) and S-adenosylmethionine in the prevention of hemorrhagic gastritis induced by aspirin in the human. Endoscopic, histologic and histochemical study]." Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam 14(4): 289-93. 16. Maccagno, A., E. E. Di Giorgio, O. L. Caston and C. L. Sagasta (1987). "Double-blind controlled clinical trial of oral S-adenosylmethionine versus piroxicam in knee osteoarthritis." Am J Med 83(5A): 72-7. 17. Mantero, M., P. Pastorino, A. Carolei and A. Agnoli (1975). "[Controlled double-blind study (SAMe-imipramine) in depressive syndromes]." Minerva Med 66(78): 4098-101. 18. Muller-Fassbender, H. (1987). "Double-blind clinical trial of S-adenosylmethionine versus ibuprofen in the treatment of osteoarthritis." Am J Med 83(5A): 81-3. 19. Vetter, G. (1987). "Double-blind comparative clinical trial with S-adenosylmethionine and indomethacin in the treatment of osteoarthritis." Am J Med 83(5A): 78-80.
Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trials20. Berlanga, C., H. A. Ortega-Soto, M. Ontiveros and H. Senties (1992). "Efficacy of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in speeding the onset of action of imipramine." Psychiatry Res 44(3): 257-62. 21. Bradley, J. D., D. Flusser, B. P. Katz, H. R. Schumacher, Jr., K. D. Brandt, M. A. Chambers and L. J. Zonay (1994). "A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial of intravenous loading with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) followed by oral SAM therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis." J Rheumatol 21(5): 905-11. 22. Caruso, I. and V. Pietrogrande (1987). "Italian double-blind multicenter study comparing S-adenosylmethionine, naproxen, and placebo in the treatment of degenerative joint disease." Am J Med 83(5A): 66-71. 23. Jacobsen, S., B. Danneskiold-Samsoe and R. B. Andersen (1991). "Oral S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. Double-blind clinical evaluation." Scand J Rheumatol 20(4): 294-302. 24. Kagan, B. L., D. L. Sultzer, N. Rosenlicht and R. H. Gerner (1990). "Oral S-adenosylmethionine in depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial." Am J Psychiatry 147(5): 591-5. 25. Mato, J. M., J. Camara, J. Fernandez de Paz, L. Caballeria, S. Coll, A. Caballero, L. Garcia-Buey, J. Beltran, V. Benita, J. Caballeria, R. Sola, R. Moreno-Otero, F. Barrao, A. Martin-Duce, J. A. Correa, A. Pares, E. Barrao, I. Garcia-Magaz, J. L. Puerta, J. Moreno, G. Boissard, P. Ortiz and J. Rodes (1999). "S-adenosylmethionine in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial." J Hepatol 30(6): 1081-9. 26. Salmaggi, P., G. M. Bressa, G. Nicchia, M. Coniglio, P. La Greca and C. Le Grazie (1993). "Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in depressed postmenopausal women." Psychother Psychosom 59(1): 34-40. 27. Tavoni, A., C. Vitali, S. Bombardieri and G. Pasero (1987). "Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. A double- blind crossover study." Am J Med 83(5A): 107-10. 28. Volkmann, H., J. Norregaard, S. Jacobsen, B. Danneskiold-Samsoe, G. Knoke and D. Nehrdich (1997). "Double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study of intravenous S- adenosyl-L-methionine in patients with fibromyalgia." Scand J Rheumatol 26(3): 206-11.
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Louise CFSi,CPNi+/Bb+(Lyme) Cholestyramine 1-2 pks @ HS for Porphyriaii +fattyEndotoxins HS PRN, Wheldon CAPi 6/07,all supps, Doxyii 200QD, Roxi 300BID, Tinidazole 500 BIDx20day Pulses, VitD3-10,000IU,Iodoral25mg,SAM-e100mgQD+B-vits, Pyruvate3.75Gm at 1PM
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SAM-e / SAMe (S-Adenosyl
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Louise CFSi,CPNi+/Bb+(Lyme) Cholestyramine 1-2 pks @ HS for Porphyriai +fattyEndotoxins HS PRN, Wheldon CAPi 6/07,all supps, Doxyi 200QD, Roxi 300BID, Tinidazole 500 BIDx20day Pulses, VitD3-10,000IU,Iodoral25mg,SAM-e100mgQD+B-vits, Pyruvate3.75Gm at 1PM